Blazon 101
By The Honourable Lady Arwyn of Leicester ECoH
The heraldic picture is the emblazon. The written description of the picture is the blazon. We use the rules of heraldic blazon to describe the devices and badges because using this technique we can do it with less words.

We register the emblazon (the picture) not the blazon. Laurel’s final blazon is just so that it can be described to scribes and heraldic artists across the SCA Known World.

Tinctures:
Colours are: azure (blue), gules (red), purpure (purple), sable (black), vert (green)

Metals are: Or (gold), Argent (white/silver)

Furs are: Ermine (white with black spots), Ermines (also called counter ermine –black with white spots), Erminois (gold with black spots), Pean (black with gold spots), Vair (interlocking "bells" alternately white and blue), Potent (interlocking "T's" alternately white and blue)

Ordinaries:
An ordinary is a charge that consists of one or more strips of a contrasting tincture which cover large areas of the shield. These include: base, bordure, canton, chief, pile, bend, etc.

Directions on the Shield:
base (= toward the bottom point of the shield), to chief (= toward the top edge of the shield), to dexter (= toward the viewer's left), to sinister (= toward the viewer's right)

Syntax Rules:
1. Field before charges.
2. Number, then type, then tincture.
3. Some positions have defaults of the charges for positions and should be indicated when different that the default.
i) charges arranged "in bend" are oriented "bendwise" by default
ii) charges arranged "in bend sinister" are oriented "bendwise sinister" by default
iii) A group of three charges on the field are "two and one" if no other arrangement is specified.
4. Charges on charges are blazoned after the charges on which they lie
5. If the field is divided, it is still considered to be a single layer. Normally one would blazon from top to bottom, left to right (facing the shield).
6. If a line division is different that a straight line, it should go after the line type but before the tincture. Ie. Per fess embattled argent
How to Put it Together:
1. Start with the background including any field treatments
2. Then describe the ordinaries if there
3. Describe the major charge group (including number, tincture and posture/position if applicable)
4. Describe charged groups.

Sources:

A Heraldric Primer http://sca.org/heraldry/primer/